Yes, there is evidence for what is provided in the article. And this evidence is extremely easy to find since this evidence is linked from the Huffington Post article.
Take a look:

If you click on journal Diabetes Care, you will find an academic/scholarly article. Guess what is the most important thing in academic/scholary articles? They have to pass an academic quality assessment before they can be published in an academic journal.
Usually, they always start with an abstract which is a short summary of the article as well as a description of the objective, method, result and conclusion of the study. This is the abstract of the academic article Huffington Post took info from.
OBJECTIVE Nonnutritive sweeteners (NNS), such as sucralose, have been
reported to have metabolic effects in animal models. However, the
relevance of these findings to human subjects is not clear. We
evaluated the acute effects of sucralose ingestion on the metabolic
response to an oral glucose load in obese subjects.
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Seventeen obese subjects (BMI 42.3 ± 1.6
kg/m2) who did not use NNS and were insulin sensitive (based on a
homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance score ≤2.6)
underwent a 5-h modified oral glucose tolerance test on two separate
occasions preceded by consuming either sucralose (experimental
condition) or water (control condition) 10 min before the glucose load
in a randomized crossover design. Indices of β-cell function, insulin
sensitivity (SI), and insulin clearance rates were estimated by using
minimal models of glucose, insulin, and C-peptide kinetics.
RESULTS Compared with the control condition, sucralose ingestion
caused 1) a greater incremental increase in peak plasma glucose
concentrations (4.2 ± 0.2 vs. 4.8 ± 0.3 mmol/L; P = 0.03), 2) a 20 ±
8% greater incremental increase in insulin area under the curve (AUC)
(P < 0.03), 3) a 22 ± 7% greater peak insulin secretion rate (P <
0.02), 4) a 7 ± 4% decrease in insulin clearance (P = 0.04), and 5) a 23 ± 20% decrease in SI (P = 0.01). There were no significant
differences between conditions in active glucagon-like peptide 1,
glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, glucagon incremental
AUC, or indices of the sensitivity of the β-cell response to glucose.
CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that sucralose affects the glycemic
and insulin responses to an oral glucose load in obese people who do
not normally consume NNS.
Received October 29, 2012. Accepted March 5, 2013. © 2013 by the
American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as
the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit,
and the work is not altered. See
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/ for details.
The full article is available for free here, feel free to read it.