I don't think statistics on this specific subject exist. But the answer is Yes, cleaning any computer will make it last longer.
The problem is usually not the dust itself but the heat that is insulated into the device by the dust.
"Your computer could fry if you don't keep it clean," says Jonathon Millman, CTO for Hooplah Interactive
Computers run hot, that's why they have a myriad of fans. When the fans get dust in them they are less effective. Combined with dust that blocks the ventilation you're computer's temperature will directly correlate with the amount of dust in it.
According to Microsoft's websites, cleaning your computer will make it
"last longer"
Another issue associated with dust is shorting out components, it's not so common, but it can happen.
This website has some stats on why computers die, the top 3:
26% PSU and power issues
23% Bad gear and user negligence
13% Heatsink related
...can all be dust related, dust shorting out the power, neglecting to clean your computer and heat dissipation related.
Edit:
I haven't taken into account the chance that you may destroy your laptop by opening it. I would say the chance of destroying it by opening it is much greater than the chance that dust would damage it but this depends on the technical skill of the cleaner. I have a certificate in computer repair and maintenance and I wouldn't do it...