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Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25).

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in GENERAL POPULATION

Six recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013-1, 2013-2, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3, 2019-4) do not even mention gluten.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients...There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in GENERAL POPULATION

Six recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013-1, 2013-2, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3, 2019-4) do not even mention gluten.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25).

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in individuals WITHOUT KNOWN GASTROINTESTINAL SENSITIVITY TO GLUTEN

Six recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013-1, 2013-2, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3, 2019-4) do not even mention gluten-free diet in association with depression in individuals without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25).

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in GENERAL POPULATION

Six recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013-1, 2013-2, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3, 2019-4) do not even mention gluten.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25).

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in individuals WITHOUT KNOWN GASTROINTESTINAL SENSITIVITY TO GLUTEN

Four recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3) do not even mention gluten-free diet in association with depression in individuals without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with NON-CELIAC GLUTEN SENSITIVITY

Non-celiac gluten sensitivity refers to intestinal and other symptoms related to the ingestion of gluten in the absence of celiac disease and wheat allergy.

The article from the question mentions few studies in which gluten-free diet was associated with less depression in individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity. Such association was also observed in one 2018 systematic review:

...gluten-free diet (GFD) significantly improved pooled depressive symptom scores in GFD-treated patients (Standardised Mean Difference (SMD) −0.37, 95% confidence interval (CI) −0.55 to −0.20; p < 0.0001), with no difference in mean scores between patients and healthy controls after one year (SMD 0.01, 95% CI −0.18 to 0.20, p = 0.94). There was a tendency towards worsening symptoms for non-coeliac gluten sensitive patients during a blinded gluten challenge vs. placebo (SMD 0.21, 95% CI −0.58 to 0.15; p = 0.25).

Gluten-free diet and depression in individuals with CELIAC DISEASE

Gluten-free diet may not necessary reduce depression in those with celiac disease:

In patients on gluten‐free diet, in fact, fatigue tends to be reduced in intensity while depression seems to persist or even worsen, supporting recent observations that gluten‐free diet alone fails to significantly reduce the percentage of CD [celiac disease] patients affected by depression. (Aliment Pharmacol Ther., 2005)

In celiac disease, depression may not be related directly to the disease pathology:

In coeliac disease, affective disorders should be ascribed to difficulties in adjusting to the chronic nature of the disease rather than directly to the disease itself...(Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol., 2003)

Diet and depression in individuals WITHOUT KNOWN GASTROINTESTINAL SENSITIVITY TO GLUTEN

Six recent systematic reviews about the effect of various diets on depression (2013-1, 2013-2, 2019-1, 2019-2, 2019-3, 2019-4) do not even mention gluten-free diet in association with depression in individuals without celiac disease or non-celiac gluten sensitivity.

In conclusion, there is some evidence about the association between gluten-free diet and reduced depression in some individuals with non-celiac gluten sensitivity but not in others.