In the first section (from the start up to about 55s into the video) of this amusing YouTube video about the differences between men and women, the following claim is made:
Why do women distinguish colors better than men?
The rear part of the eyeball's membrane contains 7 million cone cells.
With their help, we distinguish between colors.
Information about color cells is contained in the X-chromosome.
Women have 2 of these chromosomes. Men have 1.
This is why women can distinguish more colors and shades.
Can women distinguish more colours than men?