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The main cough medicine I use (I am in Australia) contains Pentoxyverine as an active ingredient. The wikipedia article for this chemical states the outcome of reducing a cough, but curiously states no understood mechanism for this outcome:

Pentoxyverine suppresses the cough reflex in the central nervous system, but the exact mechanism of action is not known with certainty.

Wikipedia also says no clinical trials are available.

My initial research into cough medicines has turned up a whole host of skeptic websites claiming that studies show cough mixtures are ineffective at stopping a cough.

I understand that some medicines have been proven to work even though we do not understand their mechanism. But in this case the lack of an understood mechanism adds to my overall skepticism.

Does anyone know of any studies that assert whether this ingredient is effective or not?

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Define work(ie what symptoms is it supposed to treat) and find a claim that the cough syrups do treat that (those) symptom(s) and I will up vote. But as the question stands I think it is to vague to reasonably answer. Your problem may lie in unreasonable expectations. – Chad Mar 15 '12 at 13:09
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@ratchetfreak I understand that honey is antiseptic and antibacterial. – ChrisW Mar 17 '12 at 1:44
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This is too broad to have an answer really. It's like asking: "Do pain-killers work? I've tried aspirin and was not very effective...". Please restrict the question to one kind of cough suppressant molecule (e.g. "Pentoxyverine"). Thanks. – Sklivvz Mar 17 '12 at 10:43
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The fact that a product's mechanism of action is not know does not make it inefficacious. For instance, lithium salts have been used for the treatment of bipolar disorders for decades, and still their mechanism of action is unknown. – nico Mar 17 '12 at 14:09
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@Oddthinking Honey wouldn't be the first thing I'd think of if I had a wound to manage (I'm not a doctor): just saying there may be more to honey than only texture. – ChrisW Mar 17 '12 at 16:44
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