It is claimed on Cracked.com:

There's also some evidence that our jalopy measurement system [imperial, ndr] is part of what's making U.S. students bad at math. In Malcolm Gladwell's Outliers, he suggests that Asian students may have a built-in advantage in the subject because Eastern languages are structured in a way that makes numbers intuitive. Conversely, having a language -- or a measurement system -- that makes numbers clunkier and difficult to convert would have an adverse effect on young children picking them up from the world around them. Foundation and early confidence are everything in math.

Combined, of course, with proper punishment for not learning. For this to be true, of course, U.S. students would have to be worse internationally at math than they are at other subjects ... and in fact, they are. Two recent studies show U.S. students to be right around average (12th and 15th) of 30-some industrialized nations in reading scores but among the worst (25th and 30th) in math. There are no doubt other factors involved, but a nonintuitive measurement system can't be helping.

The article links one study and one website, however none of them seem to be about Imperial units at all!

Are there any studies on the effect the choice of units has on mathematical skills? Is the Metric system advantageous, from the point of view of cognition?

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How dare you slander Cracked! You fiend! Just kidding. I know it's libel. Seriously though, Cracked is possibly the most successful skeptical website there is, even if they don't get every single thing right. They always seem to be trying at least. – John Rhoades Feb 16 at 14:39
did you find any counterargument? – Rafael.IT Feb 16 at 14:45
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There is argument, that US overall scores (15th of 30) are in line with other countries of similar poverty and development level. Also, I think if imperial measures would be the problem, it would affect science scores. Meanwhile US science scores are at same level as reading comprehension scores (around 12th of 30). – vartec Feb 16 at 21:02
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Why would a choice of unit have a significant impact on ability? Time to have a closer look at the studies comparing math ability by country... – Sonny Ordell Feb 16 at 23:22
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@Vartec I'm not sure I understand your point. I'm familiar with both metric and imperial units and find it easy to convert between the two. I can't see the choice of units having a significant impact on ability, not when more plausible explanations like the quality of education in general are a better fit. – Sonny Ordell Feb 17 at 22:40
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